佳作 佳作
茅膏菜的捕蟲葉與獵物
Sundew with Prey
作者 | 沈競辰
#植物與真菌
科學圖說 Introduction
茅膏菜捕捉到一隻雙翅目黑翅蕈蚋科蟲。茅膏菜是臺灣原生的食肉植物,屬於直立型的毛氈苔,捕蟲葉上有很多腺毛,腺毛頂端膨大有如一顆顆的小珍珠。這些球狀的構造可分泌黏液,當昆蟲不小心沾到腺毛時,黏液就像強力膠般立刻黏住。黏液中含有多醣類和酵素,能將蟲屍浸液分解、吸收。腺毛具有運動的能力,當捕捉到獵物後,獵物旁的腺毛全都會彎過來壓制獵物,除了防止獵物逃走外,還能使更多的腺毛接觸到獵物,有效率地消化蟲體。
The Drosera peltata Sm. has captured an insect of the order Diptera and family Sciaridae. Drosera peltata Sm. is a carnivorous plant that is native to Taiwan. It is an upright sundew with glandular hairs on its insect-catching leaves. At the ends of these glandular hairs are pearl-shaped structures that secrete a sticky substance. When an insect becomes stuck, the polysaccharides and enzymes within the sticky substance decompose the insect, turning it into liquid for absorption. The glandular hairs are able to move, such that when an insect is caught, they press down on it. In addition to preventing an insect from escaping, this enables more glandular hairs to be involved in the digestive process.