佳作
植物中的費波那契數列
Fibonacci Sequences of Plants
作者 | 鄭曜昌
#植物與真菌
科學圖說 Introduction
許多植物的生長結構都藏著費波那契數列（1，1，2，3，5，8，13，21等）。圖中植物的順、逆時針螺旋數量，從多肉植物的卷絹的「3，5」、仙人掌的「8，13」，到向日葵的「34，55」，都是數列中的相鄰兩數。相鄰兩數在數列越大時，比值會越趨近所謂黃金分割比例。植物結構以此比例角度向外生長，能夠最有效率地填充空間，看似神秘的植物數學密碼，其實是生物演化自然而然的最佳選擇。
The structures of many plants follow a Fibonacci sequence (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, etc.). Examples are the clockwise and counterclockwise spirals pictured here. From the rosettes (3,5) of a succulent, to the thorns on a cactus (8, 13), to the seedpod pattern of a sunflower (34, 55), all are based on a sequence created by the sum of the previous two numbers. As numbers increase, the golden ratio is approached. As such arrangements enable structures to effectively fill a space what seems to be a mysterious mathematical sequence is actually the natural result of evolution.
