Hernandia nymphaeifolia
The sea hearse is named for the distinctive growth pattern and appearance of its petioles. Its broad, rounded leaves resemble those of the lotus, which is reflected in its Chinese name meaning “lotus-leaf tree.” In addition, the smooth, glossy surface of the leaves appears as though coated with wax, earning it the local nickname “wax tree.”
This species is widely distributed in coastal forests across tropical regions and is particularly well adapted to environments close to the ocean. However, in Taiwan, the distribution of the sea hearse is extremely limited. It is currently found only in the Banana Bay area of Kenting National Park, as well as on Orchid Island and Green Island. Owing to its ecological importance and rarity, these habitats have been designated as ecological conservation zones to protect the species and its fragile coastal environment.
The sea hearse plays a vital role in coastal ecosystems. Its extensive root systems stabilize sandy soils and reduce coastal erosion, while its dense canopy provides shade and shelter for a variety of wildlife. However, human disturbance and habitat degradation have led to a decline in its populations. Strengthening habitat protection and scientific research is therefore crucial for maintaining biodiversity and ensuring the long-term survival of this rare coastal tree.
As one of Taiwan’s most important natural reserves, Kenting National Park has played a key role in safeguarding the sea hearse and other rare species. Through strict conservation measures and ongoing scientific studies, the ecological value of the sea hearse has become increasingly recognized. At the same time, the park actively promotes environmental education to raise public awareness about the importance of protecting rare coastal plants and preserving natural resources.
At the National Museum of Natural Science, the sea hearse is cultivated in the Littoral Forest Area of the Botanical Garden, where tall trees can be seen beside the Tropical Rainforest Greenhouse. Its grayish-white trunk stands out prominently within the coastal forest landscape, and additional specimens are also grown in the herb garden of the Human Cultures Hall.