Machilus zuihoensis
The incense nanmu is an evergreen tree endemic to Taiwan, commonly found in forest habitats below 1,800 meters in elevation. It is highly adaptable and ranks among the most widespread tree species in Taiwan’s low- to mid-elevation mountains. Despite the Chinese name containing the character for “fragrance,” the plant itself has no pleasant scent. When the leaves are crushed, they release an odor reminiscent of overheated electrical wiring or burning plastic, which has earned it the local nickname “stinky nanmu.” The specific epithet zuihoensis derives from “Zuiho,” the former Japanese name for Ruifang District in New Taipei City, where the type specimen used for its scientific description was originally collected.
The new shoots of the incense nanmu are light green and tender, making them particularly striking in spring. Its inflorescences and perianths are densely covered with short, fine hairs—distinctive traits that serve as key features for botanical identification.
This species has long played an important role in traditional Taiwanese life. When ground into powder, the bark of the incense nanmu yields “machilus powder,” a natural adhesive used in the production of handmade incense sticks. Mixed with water, the powder forms a sticky paste ideal for shaping incense. Before industrial adhesives became common, many traditional incense makers relied on this natural material. In recent years, with the revival of traditional handicrafts and renewed interest in natural incense-making, the use of machilus powder has once again drawn public attention.
At the National Museum of Natural Science, incense nanmu trees are planted in the Northern Lowland Area, Central Lowland Area, and Monsoon Rainforest Area of the Botanical Garden. Among them, the tall trees growing between the Tropical Rainforest Greenhouse and the large central lawn burst into bloom in March, their pale green new leaves and blossoms filling the garden with the vibrant energy of early spring.