Zelkova serrata
The Taiwan zelkova is a deciduous tree known for its unique bark and high-quality wood. Its bark peels off in irregular patches, leaving cloud-like patterns that are highly recognizable. The wood is hard and dense with beautiful grain, making it an excellent material for high-end furniture, architecture, and carvings, and it has high economic value.
In the culture of indigenous Bunun tribe in Taiwan, the Taiwan zelkova holds profound cultural significance and ethical norms. The Bunun people call the Taiwan zelkova “Dulupus” and regard it as a precious natural resource. They strictly admonish their descendants not to cut it down indiscriminately. The wood is only used for heating during cold winter nights, reflecting the Bunun people's balanced relationship with the natural environment. The fire from the Taiwan zelkova burns for a long time and is difficult to extinguish. Even after being covered for two or three days, embers can still be found to reignite the fire. As a result, the Taiwan zelkova plays a central role in seasonal rituals. It is only carefully harvested during important ceremonial activities. This reverence and protective mindset toward trees stems from the Bunun people's respect for all aspects of nature and their wisdom in sustainably utilizing resources.
The Taiwan zelkova is primarily distributed in East Asia, including Taiwan, China, Japan, and South Korea. In Taiwan, it is mainly found in broadleaved forests at low to medium altitudes across the island. Due to its sturdy appearance, small, green leaves, and long lifespan, it is an excellent material for horticultural potted plants. The wood has a vibrant red color and a hard, heavy texture, making it one of the finest woods from Taiwan's native broadleaved forests. It is suitable for high-end furniture and has a wide range of applications in construction, furniture making, boats, vehicles, flooring, and telecommunications materials. Additionally, the Taiwan zelkova can fix approximately 500 kilograms of carbon over 40 years, making it one of the plant species with the highest carbon fixation capacity.